Frozen Shoulder

by Dave O'Brien, PT, Diploma, MDT

 

Frozen Sholuder (a.k.a. capsulitis of the gleno-humeral joint) is characterized by soulder pain and stiffness with a significant loss of range of motion. Capuslitis is said to go through three stages:

 

  1. The first stage is called the painful stage (and appropriately so). It involves constant pain that can start with or without specific injury to the shoulder. Pain can be worse at night and disturb sleep. This phase can last 2-9 months. Treatment at this stage generally involves anti-inflamatory medications and rest.
  2. The second stage is the frozen or stiff phase. It is characterized by intermittent pain and stiffness in the shoulder that significantly limits movement in multiple directions. Pain is produced when the patient moves to the limit of range. This stage can last 4-12 months. A program of self stretching exercises prescribed by a physical therapist may help shorten the period of limitation.
  3. The third, and final stage is the thawing phase. This can take up to two years. The average duration of symptoms from onset to recovery is 30 months. Since the natural history of capulitis is self-limiting, more aggressive treatment are usually unnecessary.